Ejercicios de third y mixed conditionals
28 preguntas · opción múltiple, huecos, transformar frases, verdadero o falso y relacionar · corrección al instante
Opción múltiple
Sitúa la consecuencia
Elige la opción que encaja con los hechos y las referencias temporales.
We missed yesterday's ferry because we left late. If we had left earlier, we it.
I didn't take the job abroad, so I still live here. If I had taken it, I abroad now.
Leo is naturally cautious, which is why he checked the figures yesterday. If he weren't so cautious, he them.
The backup failed last night because nobody tested it. If someone it, we would have noticed the fault.
I spent all my savings last year. If I hadn't spent them, I enough money for the deposit now.
Marta opened a dangerous attachment yesterday because she missed the warning. If she had seen it, she the attachment.
Completar
Completa la hipótesis
Usa el verbo indicado: past perfect tras if y would + infinitivo o would have + participio en el resultado, según el tiempo señalado.
If the driver the diversion sign yesterday, we wouldn't have got lost. (notice)
If I had saved the receipt, I the faulty headphones last week. (return)
If she her ankle on Monday, she would be playing today. (not / injure)
If we had booked the quieter room, we so tired now. (not / be)
If I your number then, I would have called you. (know)
If the editor had kept the original file, we it from scratch now. (not / need to recreate)
Transformación
Cambia los hechos
Completa la segunda frase sin cambiar su significado. Usa entre dos y cinco palabras, incluida la palabra clave sin modificarla, y una estructura condicional con would. Las contracciones cuentan como sus formas completas. No sustituyas por sinónimos las palabras de la frase original.
The guide didn't bring a torch, so we couldn't enter the tunnel.
BROUGHT
If the guide a torch, we would have been able to enter the tunnel.
I ignored the instructions, so the shelf collapsed.
HAD
If I the instructions, the shelf wouldn't have collapsed.
Nora isn't fluent in Italian, so she didn't apply for that job last month.
WOULD
If Nora were fluent in Italian, she for that job last month.
We didn't insulate the flat, so it is cold now.
BE
If we had insulated the flat, it now.
The alarm didn't go off, so the guard didn't wake up.
WOKEN
If the alarm had gone off, the guard up.
I didn't learn to drive, so I depend on buses now.
WOULD
If I had learned to drive, I on buses now.
Verdadero o falso
Revisa la relación temporal
Marca Verdadero si la frase es gramaticalmente correcta y Falso si contiene un error.
If I had brought the key, the door would be open now.
If she would have listened, she would have understood the warning.
If we hadn't lost the map, we wouldn't have taken the wrong path.
If I were more organised, I would not have missed yesterday’s deadline.
If he had wore a helmet, he might have avoided the injury.
Relacionar
¿Qué ocurrió en realidad?
Relaciona cada condicional irreal con los hechos reales que presenta como contrarios a la hipótesis.
Pulsa un elemento de la izquierda y después su pareja de la derecha.
Explicación
El third conditional imagina un pasado distinto. Los mixed conditionals conectan una condición y un resultado de tiempos diferentes. Para elegir la estructura, sitúa cada parte en su propia línea temporal.
Tercer condicional
Usamos if + past perfect, seguido de would have + participio. La situación ya no se puede cambiar.
- If we had checked the address, we wouldn’t have knocked on the wrong door.
- I would have helped if you had asked.
| Parte | Afirmativa | Negativa |
|---|---|---|
| Condición pasada | if she had listened | if she hadn’t listened |
| Resultado pasado | she would have understood | she wouldn’t have understood |
Could have expresa capacidad o posibilidad y might have, un resultado menos seguro: If the fog had cleared, we might have seen the island. No siempre equivalen a would have.
Condicionales mixtos
| Relación | Estructura | Ejemplo |
|---|---|---|
| Pasado → presente | if + past perfect; would + infinitivo | If I had accepted the grant, I would be in Oslo now. |
| Estado general → pasado | if + past simple; would have + participio | If I weren’t afraid of heights, I would have joined yesterday’s climb. |
En el segundo patrón, el past simple marca distancia respecto a la realidad, no necesariamente tiempo pasado. Con be, were sirve para todas las personas en el registro formal; was también aparece con sujetos singulares en contextos menos formales.
Cómo evitar mezclas accidentales
Busca referencias como yesterday, then, now o still. Un hecho pasado puede tener una consecuencia presente, pero necesitas un contexto que justifique esa relación.
- If I had charged the battery, the camera would be working now.
- If I had charged the battery, I would have recorded the concert yesterday.
Truco: no traduzcas «si hubiera» con if would have. Para estas hipótesis usa if I had known; reserva would have known para el resultado. La contracción I’d puede significar I had o I would: mira la forma que viene después.